V  YORK  nJ          JIENCES' 

Charter,  constitution,  and  by-laws 

of  the  Lyceum  of  Natural  History  in 

the  city  of  New  York. 


Q 
11 

N42 


CHARTER 


CONSTITUTION,  AND  BY-LAWS 


LYCEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY 


THE    CITY    OF   NEW-YORK 


INCORPORATED  APRIL  20,  1818. 


NEW-YORK  : 
P  R IX  TED    FOR    THE    LYCEUM 

BY  W.  S.  DORR,  123  FULTON  STBEET. 

1837. 


AN   ACT 

TO    INCORPORATE    THE 

LYCEUM    OF    NATURAL    HISTORY 

IN  THE  CITY  OF  NEW- YORK. 
Passed  April  20th,  1818. 


WHEREAS  the  members  of  the  Lyceum  of  Natural  History 
have  petitioned  for  an  act  of  incorporation,  and  the  Legislature 
impressed  with  the  importance  of  the  study  of  Natural  History, 
as  connected  with  the  wants,  the  comforts,  and  the  happiness  of 
mankind,  and  conceiving  it  their  duty  to  encourage  all  laudable 
attempts  to  promote  the  progress  of  science  in  this  State — 
therefore 

Be  it  enacted,  by  the  People  of  the  State  of  New-York,  represented 
in  Senate  and  Assembly,  That  Samuel  L.  Mitchill.  Caspar  W. 
Eddy,  Frederick  C.  Schaeffer,  Nathaniel  Paulding,  William 
Cooper,  Benjamin  P.  Kissam,  John  Torrey,  William  Cumber- 
land, D.  Jurco  V.  Knevels,  James  Clements,  and  James  Pierce, 
and  such  other  persons  as  now  are,  and  may  from  time  to  time 
become  members,  shall  be,  and  hereby  are  constituted  a  body 
corporate  and  politic,  by  the  name  of  LYCEUM  OF  NATURAL 
HISTORY  IN  THE  CITY  OF  NEW- YORK,  and  that  by  that  name 
they  shall  have  perpetual  succession,  and  shall  be  persons  capa- 
ble of  suing  and  being  sued,  pleading  and  being  impleaded, 
answering  and  being  answered  unto,  defending  and  being  de- 
fended, in  all  courts  and  places  whatsoever :  and  may  have  a 
common  seal,  with  power  to  alter  the  same  from  time  to  time  ; 
and  shall  be  capable  of  purchasing,  taking,  holding,  and  enjoy- 
ing, to  them  and  their  successors,  any  real  estate  in  fee  simple 


or  otherwise,  and  any  goods,  chattels,  and  personal  estate,  and 
of  selling,  leasing,  or  otherwise  disposing  of  the  said  real  or 
personal  estate,  or  any  part  thereof,  at  their  will  and  pleasure  : 
Provided  always,  that  the  clear  annual  value  or  income  of  such 
real  or  personal  estate  shall  not  exceed  the  sum  of  five  thousand 
dollars  :  Provided,  however,  that  the  funds  of  the  said  corporation 
shall  be  used  and  appropriated  to  the  promotion  of  the  objects 
stated  in  the  preamble  to  this  act,  and  those  only. 

And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  said  society  shall,  from 
time  to  time,  forever  hereafter,  have  power  to  make,  constitute, 
ordain,  and  establish  such  by-laws  and  regulations  as  they  shall 
judge  proper,  for  the  election  of  their  officers  ;  for  prescribing 
their  respective  functions,  and  the  mode  of  discharging  the  same ; 
for  the  admission  of  new  members ;  for  the  government  of  the 
officers  and  members  thereof;  for  collecting  annual  contributions 
from  the  members  toward  the  funds  thereof;  for  regulating  the 
times  and  places  of  meeting  of  the  said  society :  for  suspending 
or  expelling  such  members  as  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  comply 
with  the  by-laws  or  regulations,  and  for  the  managing  or  direct- 
ing the  affairs  and  concerns  of  the  said  society  ;  provided  such 
by-laws  and  regulations  be  not  repugnant  to  the  constitution  and 
laws  of  this  State,  or  of  the  United  States. 

And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  officers  of  the  said  society 
shall  consist  of  a  president  and  two  vice-presidents,  a  correspond- 
ing secretary,  a  recording  secretary,  a  treasurer,  and  five  cura- 
tors, and  such  other  officers  as  the  society  may  judge  necessary ; 
who  shall  be  annually  chosen,  and  who  shall  continue  in  office 
for  one  year,  or  until  others  be  elected  in  their  stead :  that  if  the 
annual  election  shall  not  be  held  at  any  of  the  days  for  that  pur- 
pose appointed,  it  shall  be  lawful  to  make  such  election  at  any 
other  day  ;  and  that  five  members  of  the  said  society,  assembling 
at  the  place  and  time  designated  for  that  purpose  by  any  by-law 
or  regulation  of  the  society,  shall  constitute  a  legal  meeting 
thereof. 


And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  Samuel  L.  Mitchill  shall  be  the 
president ;  Caspar  W.  Eddy  the  first  vice-president ;  Frederick 
C.  Schaeffer  the  second  vice-president ;  Nathaniel  Paulding,  cor- 
responding secretary  ;  William  Cooper,  recording  secretary  ; 
Benjamin  P.  Kissam,  treasurer  ;  and  John  Torrey,  William  Cum- 
berland, D.  Jurco  V.  Knevels,  James  Clements,  and  James 
Pierce,  curators ;  severally  to  be  the  first  officers  of  the  said 
corporation,  who  shall  hold  their  respective  offices  until  the 
twenty-third  day  of  February  next,  and  until  others  shall  be 
chosen  in  their  places. 

And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  present  constitution  of  the 
said  association  shall,  after  passing  of  this  act,  continue  to  be  the 
constitution  thereof ;  and  that  no  alteration  shall  be  made  therein, 
unless  by  a  vote  to  that  effect  of  three-fourths  of  the  resident 
members,  and  upon  the  request  in  writing  of  one-third  of  such 
resident  members,  and  submitted  at  least  one  month  before  any 
vote  shall  be  taken  thereupon. 


State  of  New-  York,  Secretary's  Office. 

I  CERTIFY  the  preceding  to  be  a  true  copy  of  an  original  act  of  the 
Legislature  of  this  State,  on  file  ia  this  Office. 

ARCH'D  CAMPBELL, 
ALBANY,  April  29th,  1818.  Dep.  Sec'ry. 


CONSTITUTION. 


ARTICLE  I. 

This  society  shall  be  styled,  "  The  Lyceum  of  Natural 
History  in  the  City  of  New- York." 

ARTICLE   II. 

It  shall  consist  of  three  classes  of  members :  viz.,  resident, 
corresponding,  and  honorary ;  resident  members,  such  as 
dwell  in  the  City  of  New- York  and  its  immediate  vicinity ; 
corresponding  members,  such  as  reside  at  a  distance  from 
said  city,  or  in  other  states  ;  and  honorary  members,  such 
as  may  be  judged  worthy,  from  their  attainments  in  Natural 
History,  to  be  admitted  into  the  society.  The  number  of 
honorary  members  shall  never  exceed  forty. 

ARTICLE  III. 

All  members  shall  be  elected  by  ballot.  Candidates  for 
admission,  shall  be  proposed  in  writing  at  least  two  meet- 
ings previous  to  being  balloted  for.  The  affirmative  votes 
of  three-fourths  of  the  members  present  shall  be  necessary 
to  elect  a  candidate  ;  honorary  or  corresponding  members, 
however,  may  be  elected  without  previous  notice,  provided 
that  the  ballot  on  such  election  be  unanimous. 

ARTICLE   IV. 

None  but  resident  members  shall  be  entitled  to  vote,  or 
be  eligible  to  any  office  in  the  society. 


ARTICLE  V. 

No  member,  who  shall  be  in  arrears  for  one  year,  shall 
be  entitled  to  vote,  or  be  eligible  to  any  office  in  the  society. 

ARTICLE  VI. 

The  officers  of  the  society  shall  consist  of  a  president, 
two  vice-presidents,  a  first  and  second ;  a  corresponding 
secretary,  a  recording  secretary,  a  treasurer,  five  curators, 
and  a  librarian,  who  shall  be  chosen  annually  on  the  fourth 
Monday  of  February.  There  shall  also  be  elected,  at 
every  anniversary  meeting  of  the  said  society,  the  following 
committees  :  viz.,  a  committee  of  nomination,  consisting  of 
five  members ;  a  committee  of  publication,  of  five  mem- 
bers ;  a  finance  committee,  of  three  members ;  and  a  library 
committee,  of  three  members  ;  also,  an  anniversary  orator, 
and  a  draughtsman  to  the  Lyceum. 

ARTICLE   VII. 

The  election  of  Officers  shall  be  by  ballot,  and  the  per- 
son having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  shall  be  declared 
duly  elected. 

ARTICLE  VIII. 

Five  members  at  a  stated  meeting  shall  form  a  quorum, 
and  ten  at  a  special  meeting. 

ARTICLE   IX. 

By-laws,  for  the  further  regulation  of  the  society,  shall 
from  time  to  time  be  made. 

ARTICLE   X. 

No  alteration  shall  be  made  in  this  constitution,  unless 
by  a  vote  to  that  effect  of  three-fourths  of  the  resident  mem- 
bers, and  upon  the  request  in  writing  of  one-third  of  all  the 
resident  members,  submitted  at  least  one  month  previous  to 
any  vote  being  taken  thereupon. 


BY-LAWS. 


CHAPTER   I.  — OF   MEMBERS. 

1.  All  members  shall  be  elected  by  ballot. 

2.  The  election  for  members  shall  be  held  on  the  first  meet- 
ing of  each  month  only  ;  honorary  or  corresponding  mem- 
bers may  be  elected  at  any  stated  meeting  of  the  society, 
without  previous  notice  being  given,  provided  the  vote  on 
such  elections  be  unanimous. 

3.  Candidates  for  admission  shall  be  proposed,  in  writing, 
by  the  committee  of  nomination,  at  a  meeting  at  least  two 
weeks  previous  to  their  being  balloted  for ;  but  in  case  the 
committee  of  nomination  do  not  report  to  the  society  the 
name  of  any  candidate  who  shall  have  been  recommended  to 
them,  within  one  month  from  the  time  of  such  recommen- 
dation, the  society  may  proceed  to  ballot  for  him  at  the 
next  stated  time  of  election,  on  being  required  by  the  member 
who  shall  have  recommended  such  candidate. 

4.  The  affirmative  votes  of  three-fourths  of  the  members 
present  shall  be  necessary  to  elect  a  candidate.     A  person 
shall  not  be  considered  a  resident  member  until  he  shall  have 
signed  the  constitution  and  paid  his  initiation  dues  ;    and 
unless  the  candidate  shall  comply  with  these  conditions 
within  two  months  from  the  date  of  his  election,  such  elec- 
tion shall  be  void. 

5.  A  resident  member,  removing  from  the  city  with  an 
intention  of  residing  abroad,  may,  on  giving  notice  thereof, 
and  on  payment  of  his  arrears,  become  a  corresponding 


member;  and  a  corresponding  member,  who  removes  to 
the  city  with  an  intention  of  making  it  his  permanent 
residence,  becomes  a  resident  member,  and  shall  pay  into  the 
treasury  such  sum  as  will  make  bis  initiation  fee  equal  to 
that  of  other  resident  members. 

6.  Resident  members  only  shall  be  entitled  to  a  vote  in  the 
choice  of  officers,  and  in  the  general  concerns  of  the  society. 

7.  No  member  shall  publish  any  part  of  the  proceedings  of 
the  Lyceum,  nor  any  paper  read  before  it,  without  leave 
from  the  committee  of  Publication,  or  by  resolution  of  the 
society. 

CHAPTER   II.  — OF    STOCKHOLDERS. 

1.  Any  person  may  become  a  stockholder  by  paying  into 
the  treasury  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars. 

2.  A  stockholder  shall  be  entitled  for  himself  and  family 
to  free  admission  to  the  museum  of  the  society,  and  to  such 
public  lectures  as  may  be  delivered  in  its  behalf,  and  to 
which  the  members  of  the  Lyceum  have  a  right  to  attend ; 
and  also  have  the  privilege  of  introducing  strangers  to  the 
museum  and  library  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of 
the  society. 

3.  A  stockholder  shall  be  entitled  to  the  use  of  the  books 
of  the  library  of  the  Lyceum. 

4.  A  member  becoming  a  stockholder  shall  be  exempted 
from  the  payment  of  dues,  subsequent  to  the  payment  of  his 
subscription. 

5.  The  shares,  with  their  privileges,  may  be  transferred 
or  bequeathed. 

6.  All  monies  received  from  stockholders  shall  be  appro- 
priated towards  the  liquidation  of  the  debt  incurred  by  the 
erecting  of  the  building  of  the  Lyceum ;  and  when  that  debt 

2 


10 

shall  have  been  paid,  no  further  subscriptions  to  the  stock 
shall  be  received,  and  the  first  section  of  this  chapter  shall 
be  void. 

CHAPTER   III.— OF   OFFICERS. 

1.  The  President  shall  preside  at  all  meetings,  and  regulate 
the  order  thereof;  and  shall  announce  donations,  and  other 
communications,  to  the  Lyceum.     He  shall  have  a  casting 
vote  in  all  cases  in  which  there  shall  be  an  equal  division 
among  the  members.     On  questions  of  order,  members  may 
appeal  from  his  decision  to  the  society. 

2.  A  Vice-President  shall  preside  in  the  absence  of  the 
President. 

3.  The  Corresponding  Secretary  shall  be  charged  with  the 
correspondence  of  the  Lyceum.     It  shall  be  his  duty  to  be 
present  at  all  meetings  of  the  society,  to  read  all  communi- 
cations made  to  him  in  his  official  capacity,  to  keep  a  book 
in  which  shall  be  recorded  the  correspondence  of  the  society, 
to  lay  the  same  on  the  table  at  all  regular  meetings  thereof, 
to  notify  corresponding  and  honorary  members  of  their  elec- 
tion, and  to  report  to  the  society  on  the  first  Monday  of 
February,  annually,  the  state  of  their  correspondence. 

4.  The  Recording  Secretary  shall  be  present  at  all  meet- 
ings of  the  society,  and  keep  a  record  of  the  proceedings 
thereof.     He  shall  take  charge  of  all  papers  and  documents 
belonging  to  the  society,  and  shall  notify  all  resident  mem- 
bers of  their  election. 

5.  The  Treasurer  shall  have  charge  of  all  monies  belong- 
ing to  the  Lyceum,  and  give  good  and  satisfactory  security 
to  the  society  for  the  faithful  discharge  of  the  trust,  in  a  sum 
not  less  than  five  thousand  dollars.    He  shall  also  be  charged 
with  the  letting  of  such  parts  of  the  building  and  premises  as 
the  society  may,  from  time  to  time, determine  to  let.    He  shall 


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collect  initiation  fees  and  annual  dues  from  members,  all 
subscriptions  made  in  behalf  of  the  Lyceum,  all  rents  and 
other  incomes  that  may  accrue  from  any  property  belonging 
to  the  institution,  shall  give  due  notice  to  the  society  of  the 
expiration  of  all  policies  of  insurance  that  may  be  effected 
on  its  property,  and  pay  all  debts  against  the  society,  which 
shall  first  be  audited  by  the  committee  of  Finance.  He,shall 
furnish  the  committee  of  Finance,  on  due  application,  with 
such  information  of  the  state  of  the  funds  as  they  may  re- 
quire, and  shall  report  to  the  Lyceum,  on  the  fourth  Monday 
of  February,  in  each  year,  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of 
the  institution.  All  agreements  of  the  Treasurer  to  rent  the 
property  of  the  Lyceum,  or  any  part  thereof,  for  a  longer 
term  than  one  week,  must  have  the  sanction  of  the  society 
by  their  vote  to  that  effect. 

6.  The  Curators  shall  be  separately  charged  (as  may  be 
agreed  among  themselves)  with  the  safe  keeping  and  ar- 
rangement of  the  several  collections,  and  with  the  keys  of 
the  cabinet. 

7.  The  Curator  having  charge  of  any  division  of  the  col- 
lection shall  be  alone  authorized  to  selectduplicate  specimens 
from  such  division  for  the  purpose  of  exchange  or  donation  ; 
but  no  exchange  nor  donation  shall  be  made,  except  such 
as  are  authorized  by  a  vote  of  the  society. 

8.  The  increase  and  improvement  of  the  collections  being 
the  inducement  to  exchange,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
Curators  to  report  to  the  society  all  such  opportunities  to 
exchange  as  would  favor  this  object. 

CHAPTER    IV.— OF    COMMITTEES. 

1.  The  committee  of  Finance  shall  audit  all  accounts 
against  the  Lyceum,  and  have  the  duties  and  powers  of  a 


12 


committee  of  Ways  and  Means.  They  shall  report  on  the 
first  Monday  of  March,  June,  September  and  December  of 
each  year,  the  liabilities  of  the  institution  and  the  amount  of 
its  funds. 

2.  The  committee  of  Publication  shall  have  the  exclusive 
right  of  directing  all  the  publications  of  a  scientific  nature 
emanating  from  the  society. 

3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  committee  of  Nomination  to 
report  to  the  society  on  the  merits  of  all  persons  recom- 
mended as  candidates  for  admission. 

4.  Committees  for  special  purposes  may  be   appointed 
when  required.     When  such  committees  consist  of  three 
members,  they  shall  be  appointed  by  the  President. 

CHAPTER   V.  — OF    CONTRIBUTIONS. 

1.  Every  resident  member,  at  the  time  of  his  admission, 
shall  pay  into  the  treasury  the  sum  of  ten  dollars,  (for  which 
the  person  proposing  said  member  shall  be  accountable,)  and 
shall  be  subject,  if  not  a  stockholder,  to  pay  an  annual  con- 
tribution of  eight  dollars. 

2.  Every  corresponding  member  shall  be  liable  for  the  sum 
of  five  dollars,  as  an  initiation  fee,  (foreign  correspondents 
only  excepted,)  which  sum  shall  be  paid  by  the  member 
who  shall  propose  such  corresponding  member,  at  the  next 
meeting  after  his  election. 

3.  No  member  who  shall  be  in  arrears  for  dues  for  one 
year,  shall  be  entitled  to  a  vote,  or  be  eligible  to  any  office ; 
and  if  any  member,  so  in  arrears,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to 
liquidate  his  dues  within  three  months  after  notification 
thereof,  by  the  Treasurer,  his  name  shall  be  erased  from  the 
list  of  members. 


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CHAPTER    VI.  — OF    THE    CABINET. 

1.  All  donations  shall  have  the  names  of  the  donors  af- 
fixed thereto. 

2.  Every  member  and  stockholder  shall  have  access  to 
the  cabinet,  subject  to  the  regulation  of  the  Curators. 

3.  Strangers  applying  for  admission  will  record  their 
names  and  places  of  residence  in  a  book  to  be  kept  for  that 
purpose. 

4.  No  specimen  in  Natural   History,  received  as  a  de- 
posit, shall  be  arranged  in  the  same  cases  with  any  speci- 
mens belonging  to  the  society. 

5.  All  deposits  of  specimens,  while  they  remain  as  such, 
shall  be  exclusively  under  the  control  of  the  society,  and 
subject  to  the  same  uses  and  regulations  as  the  cabinet  be- 
longing to  the  Lyceum. 

6.  No  person  making  a  deposit  of  specimens  shall  be  al- 
lowed to  remove  the  same  without  permission  from  the 
society. 

7.  The  Curators  shall  arrange,  in  systematic  order,  all 
the  specimens  of  Natural  History,  and  keep  a  catalogue  of 
the  same  ;  and  shall  report,  on  the  first  Monday  in  March,  in 
each  year,  the  state  of  the  property  confided  to  their  charge. 

CHAPTER   VII.  — OF    THE    LIBRARY. 

1.  The  library  shall  be  under  the  control  of  the  Librarian 
and  a  standing  committee  of  three,  to  be  termed  the  Library 
Committee. 

2.  No  book  shall  be  purchased,  except  by  a  recommenda- 
tion to  that  effect,  signed  by  a  majority  of  this  committee, 
and  ratified  by  the  society. 


14 


3.  The  Librarian  shall  be  furnished  with  a  book,  in  which 
he  shall  keep  a  regular  account  of  all  books  borrowed  and 
returned,  by  inserting  the  name  of  the  borrower  and  the 
book  borrowed,  the  time  when  taken  out  arid  when  returned. 

4.  A  special  committee,  appointed  for  the  purpose,  shall 
designate  such  books  as  ought  not  to  be  removed  from  the 
rooms  of  the  Lyceum,  which  shall  be  marked  on  the  printed 
catalogue,  and  may  not  be  taken  out  without  special  per. 
mission  from  the  society. 

5.  The  Librarian,  or,  in  his  absence,  one  of  the  Library 
Committe,  will  note  the  volume  borrowed. 

6.  A  volume  not  returned  within  one  month,  shall  incur 
a  fine  of  fifty  cents,  and  twenty-five  cents  for  each  week 
thereafter. 

7.  Any  injury  done  to  works  shall  be  estimated  by  the 
committee,  and  the  borrower  fined  accordingly. 

8.  The  Librarian  shall  report  to  the  Treasurer,  from  time 
to  time,  the  fines  imposed. 

9.  No  member  shall  take  out  more  than  two  volumes  at 
one  time. 

10.  On  the  first  Monday  in  June,  all  books  shall  be  called 
in ;  and  a  special  committee  of  three  shall  examine  the  li- 
brary, and  compare  it  with  the  catalogue.     They  shall  note 
all  missing  books,  and  report  the  same,  at  the  next  meeting, 
to  the  society. 

CHAPTER   VIII.— OF   MEETINGS. 

1.  The  ordinary  meetings  shall  be  held  on  Monday 
evening,  in  each  week,  at  seven  o'clock,  and  five  members 
shall  form  a  quorum. 


15 

2.  The  President,  or  either  of  the  Vice-Presidents,  with 
any  five  members,  may  call  a  special  meeting. 

3.  Special  meetings  shall  be  called  by  a  notice  sent  to 
each  resident  member,  stating  the  time  at  which  such  meet- 
ing is  to  be  held,  and  the  object  for  which  it  is  called. 

4.  All  meetings  of  the  society,  shall  be  held  in  the  builcU 
ing  belonging  to  the  Lyceum. 

5.  Visitors  at  the  sittings  of  the  Lyceum  shall  be  intror 
clnced  by  one  or  more  members,  and  their  names  shall  be 
announced  by  the  President  to  the  society, 

CHAPTER   IX.  — OF   BUSINESS. 

1,  All  business,  other  than  what  relates  immediately  to  the 
cultivation  of  Natural  History,  shall  be  transacted  at  the 
first  meeting  of  each  month  only. 

2.  The  following  shall  be  considered  the  regular  order  of 
business  at  the  ORDINARY  MEETINGS  : 

1.  The  minutes  of  the.  proceeding  meeting  read,  ,ind  the 
sense  of  the  members  taken  thereon, 

2.  The  names  of  visitors  announced. 

3.  Introduction  of  new  members. 

4.  Reports  of  committees. 

5.  Communications  read,  or  donations  made. 

6.  Any  other  business  which  may  be  in  order*  or  .called  up. 

7.  Rough  minutes  read. 

8.  Adjournment. 


RESIDENT   MEMBERS 


1817. 

*  E.  R.  Baudoine, 

*  James  Clements, 

*  Francis  Morton, 

*  Jacob  Dyckman, 

*  William  S.  Irving, 

*  Benj.  U.  Coles, 

*  J.  S.  Watkins, 

*  Samuel  L.  Mitchill, 
Nathaniel  Paulding, 
William  Cooper, 

f  William  Cumberland, 

John  Torrey, 

John  B.  Beck, 
f  P.  S.  Townsend, 

John  W.  Francis, 

J.  Le  Conte, 

William  Swift, 

*  F.  C.  Schaeffer, 

*  B.  P.  Kissam, 
John  Anthon, 

*  Henry  Gahn, 
Samuel  Akerly, 

1818. 

*  John  Watts, 
0.  Bronson. 

*Dcad. 


Abraham  Halsey, 
Gulian  C.  Verplanck, 

1819. 
James  E.  De  Kay, 

*  D.  H.  Barnes. 

1820. 
J.  Van  Rensselaer. 

1821. 
Stacy  B.  Collins, 

1822. 

*  George  Gibbs, 

t  Issachar  Cozzens, 

1823. 

Joseph  Delafield, 
E.  A.  Graves, 
M.  C.  Perry, 

*  J.  E.  S.  Hosack. 

1824. 

William  Moore. 
John  R.  Rhinelander, 
Benjamin  M.  Vickar, 
George  C.Dekay, 

*  Nath.  H.  Carter, 

*  Frederick  G.  King, 
E.  G.  Ludlow, 

t  J.  G.  Totten, 

t  Become  Corresponding  Members. 


17 


O.  Hull, 

Alfred  Wagstaff, 
t  J.  J.  Graves, 

S.  Verplanck, 

Martin  Paine, 

T.  W.  Ludlow, 

William  Kemble. 

1825. 
t  John  Bell, 

Charles  Hammond. 
t  George  Catlin, 

Timothy  Dewey, 
1826. 

Leonard  D.  Gale, 

*  John  Hone,  Jr. 

J.  Augustine  Smith, 

*  James  F.  Dana, 
f  S.  R.  Smith, 

1827. 

J.  B.  Sloat, 
t  John  Revere, 

*  George  Chilton, 
N.  F.  Moore, 

1828. 
t  G.  W.  Featherstonhaugh, 

G.  W.  Boyd, 

Cyrus  Perkins, 

Henry  Gary, 
f  Isaac  Brinkerhoof, 

1829. 
t  Thomas  G.  Gary, 

Henry  M.  Francis, 
t  George  C.  Petersen, 

Henry  Parish, 

O.  M.  Lowndes, 

Augustus  Fleming, 

Orville  Brooks, 


*  H.  McCracken, 
John  Glover, 

*  J.  C.  Hamilton, 
M.  E.  Thompson, 

t  E.  Storer, 
O.  E.  Edwards, 
H.  W.  Field, 
A.  R.  Thompson, 
L.  Feuchtwanger. 

1831. 

Samuel  T.  Carey, 
T.  T.  Devan, 
J.  F.  Wilckens. 

1832. 

R.  P.  Tanner, 
John  C.  Jay, 
Wm.  H.  Denning, 
Frederick  Prime. 

1833. 

Joseph  Foulke,  Jr. 
Wm.  Edgar, 
t  S.  L.  Metcalf, 
J.  M.  Bradhurst, 
Rufus  Prime, 
William  Partridge, 
James  J.  Mapes, 
Robert  H.  Brownne, 
Henry  Hoyt, 

1834. 

Edward  Harris, 
Charles  Cramer, 
Theodore  Allen, 

*  Luman  Reed, 
Martin  Zabriskie, 

1835. 

H.  W.  Hicks, 
George  B.  Dorr, 


Robert  Ray, 
William  F.  Gary, 
t  Charles  DeSelding, 
Edward  Prime, 
Edward  L.  Beadle, 
Thomas  S.  Cummings. 

1836. 

John  Bard, 
H.  C.  De  Rham, 
Asa  Gray, 
Minturn  Post, 
J.  C.  Beales, 
John  Neilson,  Jr. 
J.  Redfield.  Jr. 
Stephen  Moulton, 
John  D.  Ogden, 
Joel  Foster, 


18 


Frederick  T.  Palmer, 
S.  R.  Childs, 
Daniel  Parish, 
John  Jay, 
James  G.  Chilton, 
John  P.  Hone, 
Jonathan  Dodge, 
James  F.  Ward, 
Robert  Rankin, 
Charles  A.  Davis 
Arch.  Russell, 
Henry  A.  Du  Bois. 

1837. 

Enos  T.  Throop, 
J.  H.  Hill, 
William  Channing. 


-.'.  ..'•jua^.ti'iW  ,v4*3i«..i  «*»i.*s* 

CORRESPONDING    MEMBERS. 


1817.  B.  R.  Greenland,  M.  D.,  South  Carolina. 


Professor  Lewis  C.  Beck,  Albany. 
J.  Roane,  M.  D.,  Tennessee. 
Rev.  Thomas  Harris,  Philadelphia. 

C.  S.  Rafinesque,  Philadelphia. 
Professor  D.  B.  Douglass,  Brooklyn. 
John  P.  Brace,  Litchfield,  Connecticut. 

D.  C.  Verplanck,  Fishkill,  New-York. 
Professor  Ebenezer  Kellogg,  William's  College. 
•John  Bradbury,  F.  L.  S.,  England. 

Caleb  Atwater,  Circleville,  Ohio. 
R.  B.  Owen,  M.  D.,  Tennessee. 
Professor  T.  Romeyn  Beck,  Albany. 
Professor  Amos  Eaton,  Troy,  New- York. 
Professor  Chester  Dewey,  Rochester,  New- York. 
J.  De  la  Motta,  M.  D.,  Charleston,  South  Carolina. 
Professor  Del  Rio,  Mexico. 
Rev.  J.  J.  Robertson.  Greece. 

1818.  *Moses  Hale,  M.  D.,  Troy,  New- York. 
Felix  L'Herminier,  Charleston,  South  Carolina. 
•Eli  Bun-ill,  Troy,  New-York. 

Dr.  Jacob  Porter,  Plainfield,  Massachusetts. 

1819.  Professor  J.  W.  Webster,  Harvard  University. 
Henry  R.  Schoolcraft,  Michigan. 

1820.  *D.  Jurco  V.  Knevels,  West  Indies. 

Professor  Lardner  Vanuxem,  Bristol,  Pennsylvania. 

Adolphe  Brongniart,  Paris. 

Professor  Hall,  Middlebury  College,  Vermont. 


20 

1821.  James  Pierce,  Litchfield,  Connecticut. 
•William  Howard,  M.  D.,  Baltimore. 

1824.  John  I.  Bigsby,  M.  D.,  England. 
P.  Ricord  Madiana,  M.  D.,  Paris. 
Dr.  Joseph  C.  Habersham,  Savannah. 
Dr.  William  C.  Waring,  Savannah. 
Professor  M.  Von  Breda,  University  of  Ghent. 
Professor  Drapier,  Bruxelles. 

William  Van  Winthem.  Hamburg. 

*Benjamin  Dearborn,  Boston. 

Dr.  Hancock,  Demarara. 

*Dr.  Lucius  Woodbury,  Mexico. 

John  J.  Audubon,  F.  R.  S.,  Louisiana. 

Stephen  White,  Salem,  Massachusetts. 

Seth  Bass,  M.  D.,  Boston. 

Charles  L.  Bonaparte,  Rome. 

David  B.  Warden,  Paris. 

Dr.  Samuel  W.  Barlow,  Granville,  Massachusetts. 

*Dr.  Samuel  Fowler,  Franklin,  New  Jersey. 

Dr.  Zena  Pitcher,  Detroit. 

1825.  Richard  Harlan,  M.  D.,  Philadelphia. 
*Don  Mariano  Caldes,  Mexico. 
*Thomas  Say,  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  B.  Saltus,  U.  S.  N. 
•Victor  Jacquemont,  Paris. 

Jonathan  A.  Allen,  M.  D.,  Middlebury,  Vermont. 

A.  F.  Holmes,  M.  D.,  Montreal. 

J.  Dunham,  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

Colonel  1. 1.  Abert,  U.  S.  A. 

•Professor  Nathan  Smith,  Yale  College. 

Daniel  Stephens,  Charleston. 

Colonel  Archibald  Henderson,  U.  S.  Marines. 

•Charles  Wilkes,  New- York. 

•Colonel  Kingsbury,  Franklin,  Connecticut. 

Thomas  M.  Randolph,  Richmond,  Virginia. 

Commodore  Charles  Stewart,  U.  S.  N. 

•Colonel  Lebbeus  Loomis,  New- York. 


21 

Major  Edward  De  Russey,  U.  S.  A. 

Major  William  Popham,  Scarsdale,  New-York. 

1826.  James  Dalliba,  Moriah,  New- York. 
Chevalier  de  Kirckhoft',  M.  D.,  Antwerp. 
M.  Goethe,  President  Min.  Society.  Jena. 
Victor  Audouin,  Paris. 

Professor  Anselme  Gaetan  Demarest,  Paris. 
Dr.  W.  S.  Jacobs,  St.  Croix. 
Samuel  G.  Morton,  M.  D.,  Philadelphia. 
Mathew  A.  Ward,  M.  D.,  Athens,  Georgia. 
Thomas  Horsefield,  M.  D.,  London. 
Professor  Van  Mons,  Lourain. 

1827.  Aug.  Engelspach  la  Riviere,  Bruxelles. 
A.  Pailloux,  Paris, 

Edwin  James,  M.  D.,  Albany. 

Wiliiam  Darlington,  M.  D.,  Westchester,  Pennsylvania. 

Baron  Von  Lederer,  Vienna. 

John  L.  Williams,  Pensacola. 

M.  Julien,  Paris. 

Thomas  Clark,  Bristol,  England, 

N.  A.  Vigors,  F.  L.  S.,  London. 

Captain  Basil  Hall,  R.  N.,  Edinburgh. 

1828.  Franklin  Smith,  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey'. 
James  H.  Henderson,  Jefferson  county,  New  York. 
Charles  Pickering,  M.  D.,  Philadelphia. 

Louis  Janin,  Paris. 

G.  W.  Featherstonhaugh,  Washington,  D.  C. 

1829.  James  Eights,  M.  D.,  Albany. 
Hezekiah  Gates,  M.  D.,  Alabama. 
Isaac  Lea,  Philadelphia. 

J.  N.  Reynolds,  Ohio. 
Robert  H.  Schomburgh,  Paris. 
J.  Heron,  M.  D.,  Warwick,  New  Jersey. 
Thomas  Graham,  Edinburgh. 
*Hezekiah  H.  Eaton,  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
1830.*Charles  Telfair,  Mauritius. 
Robert  Barclay,  England. 


*Joseph  Barabino,  New  Orleans. 
Nathaniel  Niles,  Paris. 
William  Swainson,  England. 
J.  M.  Boisduval,  Paris. 

1831.  Wm.  R.  Clapp,  Philadelphia. 
Professor  Dobereiner,  Jena. 
Professor  August  Breithaupt,  Freyburg. 
Claudius  Gay,  Paris. 

McGillivray,  Edinburgh. 

Jonathan  Dodge,  M.  D.,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  (became  a  resident 
member,  1836.) 

1832.  Alonzo  Clark,  M.  D.,  Williarastown,  Massachusetts. 
Captain  F.  A.  Folkes,  Hamburg. 

Professor  N.  M.  Hentz. 
Professor  C.  Vaccari,  Chioggia,  Italy. 
George  Gibbs,  Jr.,  Turks  Island. 
Edward  Clarke,  Saugerties. 

1833.  M.  V.  de  Moleon,  Paris. 
John  Finch,  London. 
Francisco  de  Corroy,  Tobasco. 
Dr.  Augustus  Adee,  U.  S.  N. 

1834.  Rev.  John  Bachman,  Charleston,  South  Carolinia. 
C.  T.  Jackson,  M.  D.,  Boston. 

Francis  Alger,  M.  D.,  Boston. 
Professor  Vandermaelen,  Bruxelles. 

1835.  Dr.  G.  Schuler,  Jena. 

Joel  Foster,  M.  D.,  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  (became  a  resident 

member,  1836.) 

John  Gebbard,  Schoharie,  New-York. 
F.  de  Worth,  St.  Petersburgh. 
Dr.  Henry  Marshall,  Kortright,  New- York. ' 
Rev.  Abm.  Messeler,  Somerville,  New  Jersey. 
Ramon  de  la  Sagra,  Havana. 
Juan  Ehlers,  Mexico. 
Professor  Wm.  Tully,  New  Haven,  Connecticut. 

1836.  J.  C.  Delano,  New  Bedford,  Massachusetts. 
James  H.  Bell,  Sandusky,  Ohio. 


23 


J.  B.  Bouillet,  Auvergne,  France. 
Dr.  A.  W.  Chapman,  Middle  Florida. 
Henry  B.  Groom,  Tallahassee,  Florida. 
Professor  J.  G.  Sembnitzky,  St.  Petersburgh. 
Charles  de  Rosenberg,  St.  Petersburgh. 
John  Prescott,  St.  Petersburgh. 
Professer  G.  Fischer,  St.  Petersburgh. 
M.  Domnando,  Athens,  Greece. 
C.  J.  Ward,  Chilicothe,  Ohio. 
1837.  William  Yarrel,  London. 
M.  Gaudichaud,  Paris. 
W.  W.  Mather,  Albany. 
Timothy  A.  Conrad,  Philadelphia. 
James  D.  Dana,  New  Haven,  Connecticut. 
Professor  Walter  R.  Johnson,  Philadelphia. 
Reynell  Coates,  M.  D.  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  P.  Couthouy,  Boston. 
Professor  Gerard  Troost,  Nashville,  Tennessee. 
Professor  Edward  Hitchcock,  Amherst  College, 
Edward  C.  Herrick,  New  Haven,  Connecticut. 


HONORARY   MEMBERS. 


1817.  *Joseph  Correa  de  Serra,  Portugal. 
*Thomas  Jefferson,  Virginia. 
*Professor  H.  Castrom,  Stockholm. 
Professor  Somme,  Antwerp. 
•Zaccheus  Collins,  Philadelphia. 
General  Joseph  G.  Swift,  New- York. 
Professor  William  J.  Macneven,  New-York. 
Bracy  Clark,  London. 

•Stephen  Elliott,  LL.  D.,  South  Carolina. 

C.  A.  Lesueur,  Paris. 

Professor  Jacob  Bigelow,  Boston. 

*Sir  James  Edward  Smith,  England. 

*James  Monroe,  Virginia. 

Professor  Aug.  Pyr.  De  Candolle,  Geneva. 

Professor  Gaetano  Savi,  Pisa. 

Robert  Brown,  LL.  D.,  London. 

Hoffman  Bang,  Odense,  Denmark. 

*C.  W.  Peale,  Philadelphia. 

Aylmer  Bourke  Lambert,  Pres.  Linn.  Soc.,  London. 

•Abb<§  Hauy,  Paris. 

*G.  C.  Knapp,  Germany. 

Colonel  Stephen  H.  Long.  U.  S.  A. 

Baron  Bivona,  Palermo. 

1818.  *De  Witt  Clinton,  New- York. 

•David  Hosack,  M.  D.,  LL.  D.,  New- York. 

1819.  Professor  B.  Silliman,  LL.  D.,  Yale  College. 
Jules  Cloquet,  M.  D.,  Paris. 

Parker  Cleaveland,  LL.  D.,  Bowdoin  College. 


25 

1820.  Professor  Kurt  Sprengel,  University  of  Halle. 
Professor  C.  A.  Agardh,  University  of  Lund,  Sweden. 
*Pedro  Abadea,  Peru. 

1821.  William  M'Clure,  Pres.  Acad.  Nat.  Sciences,  Philadelphia. 

1822.  Thomas  Nuttall,  F.  L.  S.,  Philadelphia. 

1823.  *Rev.  Lewis  D.  de  Schweinitz,  Bethlehem,  Pennsylvania. 
*Bartolomi  de  Munos,  Buenos  Ayres. 

Stephen  Van  Rensselaer,  LL.  D.,  Albany. 

*Professor  J.  V.  F.  Lamouroux,  Caen,  France. 

Sir  William  Jackson  Hooker,  LL.  D.,  Glasgow. 

Robert  Kaye  Greville,  LL.  D.,  Edinburgh. 

*Baron  G.  Cuvier,  Paris. 

Professor  J.  G.  Christian  Lehmann,  Hamburgh. 
1826-  Lewis  Weston  Dillwyn,  Wales. 

*P.  A.  Latreille,  Paris. 

Professor  J.  J.  Berzelius,  Stockholm. 

Baron  Alexander  de  Humboldt,  Berlin. 

*Baron  de  Ferusac,  Paris. 
1828.  Professor  William  Buckland,  Oxford. 

Professor  Thomas  Thomson,  Glasgow. 
1830.  Lieut.  General  Count  Dejean,  Paris. 

Professor  John  Lindley,  London. 

1836.  Dr.  Charles  B.  Trinius,  St.  Petersburg!!. 
Professor  Christian  G.  Ne.es  Von  Esenbeck,  Breslau. 
Count  Strongonoff,  Pres.  Imp.  Min.  Soc.  St.  Petersburgh. 
Charles  Lyell,  F.  R.  S.,  London. 

Professor  Gmelin,  Tubingen. 

Robert  J.  Murchison,  F.  R.  S.,  London. 

1837.  George  A.  Walker- Arnott,  Arlary,  Scotland. 
Louis  Agassiz,  Neuchatel,  Switzerland. 
Henry  De  La  Beche,  London. 

Achille  Valenciennes,  Paris. 


STOCKHOLDERS. 


*C.  Wilkes, 
Wm.  Johnson, 
J.  Johnston, 
J.  Boorman, 
A.  Norrie, 
H.  Parish, 
D.  Parish, 
J.  Kernochan, 
J.  R.  Marshall, 
P.  Hone, 
J.  P.  Hone, 
J.  W.  Francis, 
J.  A.  Constant, 
Robert  Ray, 
•Richard  Ray, 
S.  Ward, 
J.  G.  King, 
Edward  Prime, 
R.  Prime, 
F.  Prime, 
A.  Tappan, 
P.  G.  Stuyvesant, 
H.  Fish, 
H.  Dudley, 
T.  W.  Ludlow, 
H.  Hoyt, 
Wm.  Cooper, 
A.  Fleming, 
C.  Low, 
H.  M'Cracken, 
J.  J.  Jones, 


George  Jones, 
Ed.  R.  Jones, 
D.  S.  Jones, 
Joseph  Delafield, 
James  E.  De  Kay, 
G.  C.  De  Kay, 
Chas.  A.  Davis, 

C.  Wolfe, 

J.  D.  Wolfe, 
J.  M.  Bradhurst, 
H.  W.  Field, 
Edward  A.  Graves, 
A.  Post, 
J.W.Post, 
N.  Paulding, 
J,  G.Coster, 
G.  H.  Coster, 
J.  H.  Coster, 

D.  J.  Coster, 
Washington  Coster, 
John  C.  Jay, 

P.  A.  Jay, 
John  Jay, 
John  Jay,. Jr. 
Ann  Jay, 
F.  W.  Olmsted, 
T.  Allen, 
C.  De  Rham, 
Wm.  Moore, 
H.  Cary, 
Wm.  F.  Cary, 


S.  T.  Carey, 
J.  S.  Crary, 
P.  Crary, 
P.  Remsen, 
O.  Maurau, 
J.  Strong, 
A.  Foster,  Jr. 

F.  Gebhard, 
J.  H.  Hicks, 
H.  W.  Hicks, 

S.  Van  Rensselaer, 

J.  Van  Rensselaer, 

C.  Cramer, 

Wm.  C.  Rhinelander, 

J.C.  Halsey, 

S.  A.Halsey, 

0.  Hull, 

Wm.  H.  Russell, 

Arch.  Russell, 

R.  Kermitt, 

G.  B.  Dorr, 
S.  F.  Dorr, 
G.  Douglas, 
Wm.  Douglas, 
S.  B.  Ruggles, 
G.  G.  Rowland, 
S.  S.  Howland, 
J.  H.  Howland, 
Wm.  H.  Aspinwall, 
C.  Baker, 

J.  Lorillard, 
P.  Lorillard,  Jr. 
T.  Tileston, 
P.  Spofford. 
C.  W.  How, 
Wm.  S.  Packer,  Jr. 
March  &  Benson, 
S.  Alley, 


S.  Brown, 
J.  Brown, 
J.  R.  St.  John, 
J.  D.  Beers, 

D.  W.  Wetmore, 
G.  P.  Rogers, 
*D.  Hosack, 

M.  Hoffman, 
L.  M.  Hoffman, 
J.  R.  Le  Roy, 
P.  Schermerhorn, 
J.  Schermerhorn, 
James  Hagartyj 
John  H^aggerty, 
C.  A.  Heckscher, 
Ed.  Heckscher, 
T.  Suffern, 

E.  F.  Sanderson, 
J.  Hunt, 

N.  Ludlum, 
R.  Tillotson, 
H.  Grinnell, 
R.  B.  Minturn, 
R.  R.  Minturn, 
James  Lenox, 
T.  F.  Wilckens, 
Wm.  Kemble, 
R.  L.  Lord, 
Thomas  Lord, 
J.  D.  P.  Ogden, 
T.  Barren, 
S.  Verplanck, 

F.  Pell, 

G.  Bruce, 
G.  Sutton, 
E.Harris, 
G.  Richards, 
J.  Anthon, 


28 


C.N.Talbot, 

D.  Clarkson, 
J.  Goodhue, 
R.  J.  Cochran, 
H.  Sheldon, 

F.  H.  Sheldon, 
Wm.  P.  Denning, 
J.  Q.  Aymar, 

J.  F.  Schxoeder, 
L.  Feutchwanger, 
C.  F.  Moulton, 
A.  Fitch, 
A.  Varick, 
J.  V.  Greenfield, 
P.  Harmony, 
J.  Gibson, 
A.  Hamilton, 

G.  W.  Bruen, 
J.  Moorehead, 
J.  O.  Woodruff, 
J.  J.  Bailey, 

E.  Remsen, 
G.  G.  Smith, 
Wm.  Swift, 
J.  Torrey, 
W.  A.  White, 
S.  F.  Mott, 

Wm.  A.  Lawrence, 

C.  W.  Lawrence, 
R.  Schuyler, 

A.  G.  Stout, 

A.  R.  Thompson, 

M.  E.  Thompson, 

D.  Lee, 

W.  A.  Tomlinson, 
J.  B.  Murray, 
S  Swartwout, 


E.  T.  Throop, 
S.  Downer, 
S.  Grosvener, 
J.  G.  Pearson, 
S.  Higginson, 
N.  T.  Heard, 
P.  H.  Schenck, 
G.  S.  Robbins, 
J.  F.  Mackie, 
S.  Oakley, 
G.  Myer^ 
J.  L.  Joseph, 
B.  Curtis, 
J.  Hoxie, 
T.  T.  Devan, 
T.  H.  Faile 
E.  G.  Faile 
E.  Wade,  Jr. 
E.  Penfold, 
A.  T.  Stewart, 
Chas.  Graham,  Jr. 
W.  E.  Wilmerding, 
E.  N.  Tailer, 
J.  Glover, 
H.  P.  Morgan, 
P.  G.  Barker, 
H.  M.  Schieffelin, 
J.  Dodge, 
Gouverneur  Morris 
P.  Kearny,  Jr. 
J.  Mason, 
D.  C.  Colden, 
R.  G.  Rankin, 
A.  Wagstaff, 
I.  U.  Coles, 
R.  S.  Clark, 
J.  A.  Smith. 


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